NCERT Solution for Class 10th

Chapter 2 – Acids, Bases and Salts

In this chapter students will learn about nature and behaviour of Acids, bases and salts. This chapter mainly describes the chemical nature of acids, bases and salts, their reaction with metals, non-metals and with each other. This chapter is quite interesting as it involves many practical experiments to make you learn the basics.

Every year 3- 4 questions from this chapter are asked in class 10 board examination. This is also one of the important chapters as the chances of scoring full marks on questions from this chapter are more. Hence students are advised to practice as many questions from this chapter in order to solve every possible questions that will be asked in the CBSE class 10 science examination.

The chapter then explains what do all acids and bases have in common with a suitable example which gives the conclusion that acid solution in water conducts electricity. Students get to learn various experiments on what happens to acid or a base in a water solution and how strong are acid or base solutions by making use of universal indication. Along with it, you will get to learn about the importance of pH in everyday life. The chapter ends with explaining in detail about salt preparation, properties and its uses.

Practical based multiple choice questions and subjective based questions are regularly asked in previous year question papers. NCERT Solutions for class 10 chapter 2 Acids, bases and salts is prepared to help students in their exam preparation. This solution provides you with answers to the questions provided in NCERT class 10 textbook.

Chapter 3 – Metals and Non-metals

Metals and non-metals helps students in learning concepts given in the textbook in detail. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science, provides answers to all the questions printed at the end of every chapter as well as the questions included within a chapter. 

Metals are lustrous, malleable, ductile and are good conductors of heat and electricity. They are solid at room temperature, except mercury which is a liquid. The physical properties of metals are explained on various parameters such as ductility, malleability, tensile, strength, etc. On the basis of physical properties, metals and non-metals are differentiated. Some of the examples of non-metals are carbon, sulphur, iodine, oxygen, hydrogen, etc. The non-metals are either solids or gases except bromine which is a liquid. Under the subtopic chemical properties of metals, chemical reactions are discussed with oxygen gas, water, acids and other metal salts. On the basis of reactivity series the reactions and conditions depend.

The compounds formed in this manner by the transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal are known as ionic compounds or electrovalent compounds. Some of the general properties for ionic compounds are physical nature, melting and boiling points, solubility and conduction of electricity. Metal is extracted from its ore and then refining them for use is known as metallurgy. Metals are refined by using the method of electrolytic refining. The end topic explains about corrosion and how it can be prevented.

These NCERT Solutions are prepared by our subject experts who are highly experienced in the education industry. The solutions created are genuine and can be referred by the students to prepare for their science exam. The descriptive language is straightforward and easy to understand. The concepts are explained with steps, diagrams, tips to remember, shortcuts for numerical problems and tricks to remember chemical reactions and formulae.

Chapter 4 – Carbon and its Compounds

In this chapter, we will study some more interesting compounds and their properties. Also, we shall be learning about carbon an element which is of immense significance to us in both its elemental form and in the combined form. Carbon is a versatile element that forms the basis for all living organisms and many of the things we use. Covalent bonds are formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms so that both can achieve a completely filled outermost shell. Carbon forms covalent bonds with itself and other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, sulphur, nitrogen and chlorine. Organic compounds are categorized into saturated and unsaturated carbon compounds. Saturated compounds are compounds with only a single bond. Unsaturated carbon compounds are compounds with a double or triple bond. The saturated compounds of carbon and hydrogen are methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane and hexane.

The chapter also explains some of the chemical properties of carbon compounds such as combustion, oxidation, addition reaction, substitution reaction. Ethanol and ethanoic acid are carbon compounds of importance in our daily lives. Soap and detergents are studied with their chemical structures and properties and their difference is also discussed. Detergents are usually used to make shampoos and products for cleaning clothes.

These NCERT Solutions are prepared by our subject experts who are highly experienced in the education industry. The solutions created are genuine and can be referred by the students to prepare for their science exam. The descriptive language is straightforward and easy to understand. The concepts are explained with steps, diagrams, tips to remember, shortcuts for numerical problems and tricks to remember chemical reactions and formulae.

Chapter 5 – Periodic Classification of Elements

Classification of elements resulted in grouping the then-known elements as metals and non-metals. Dobereiner grouped the elements into triads and Newlands gave the Law of Octaves. Mandelvee arranged the elements in increasing order of their atomic masses and according to their chemical properties. He even predicted the existence of some yet to be discovered elements on the basis of gaps in his Periodic table. The modern periodic table came into existence. Mendeleev’s Periodic Law was modified and the atomic number was adopted as the basis of Modern Periodic Table and the Modern Periodic Law can be stated as follows: ‘Properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic number’.

Summary of Periodic Classification of Elements

1. Elements are classified on the basis of similarities in their properties.
2. Döbereiner grouped the elements into triads and Newlands gave the Law of Octaves.
3. Mendeléev arranged the elements in increasing order of their atomic masses and according to their chemical properties.
4. Mendeléev even predicted the existence of some yet to be discovered elements on the basis of gaps in his Periodic Table.
5. Anomalies in arrangement of elements based on increasing atomic mass could be removed when the elements were arranged in order of increasing atomic number, a fundamental property of the element discovered by Moseley.
6. Elements in the Modern Periodic Table are arranged in 18 vertical columns called groups and 7 horizontal rows called periods.
7. Elements thus arranged show periodicity of properties including atomic size, valency or combining capacity and metallic and non-metallic character.